“人的精神性的发展”比较“组织的发展”

The four stages of community formation are somewhat related to a model in organization theory for the five stages that a team goes through during development. “社会形成的四个阶段”跟“组织理论模型”里“一个小组发展的五阶段理论”有一些关系。

These five stages are:五阶段是：

成形阶段/Forming：
where the team members have some initial discomfort with each other but nothing comes out in the open. They are insecure about their role and position with respect to the team. This corresponds to the initial stage of pseudocommunity. 小组成员开始时相互不太舒服但是他们没有不这个感觉公开。他们对自己的小组里的角色和位置还没有安全感。这相当于“假社会阶段”。

骚动阶段/Storming：
where the team members start arguing heatedly and differences and insecurities come out in the open. This corresponds to the second stage given by Scott Peck, namely chaos. 小组成员开始热烈争吵，分歧和不安公开了。派克叫这个第二阶段“混乱”。

基准形成阶段/Norming：
where the team members lay out rules and guidelines for interaction that help define the roles and responsibilities of each person. This corresponds to emptiness, where the community members think within and empty themselves of their obsessions to be able to accept and listen to others. 成员提出/拿出规范和准则来方便每个人在小组的权责。这相当于社会发展的“空”的阶段。社会成员内省和清除掉自己的坚持开始能够接受和聍听。

运作阶段/Performing：
where the team finally starts working as a cohesive whole, and effectively achieve the tasks set of themselves. In this stage individuals are aided by the group as a whole where necessary, in order to move further collectively than they could achieve as a group of separated individuals. 小组最后开始象一个整体般运作/工作，能够有效完成小组自己的任务。为了要达到比个人的总和更好的成绩（即小组的目标），这个阶段整个小组会对有需要的个人作出帮助。

质变阶段/Transforming：
This corresponds to the stage of true community. This represents the stage of celebration, and when individuals leave, as they must, there is a genuine feeling of grief, and a desire to meet again. Traditionally this stage was often called "Mourning".
相当于真正的社会的阶段。